{"id":1796,"date":"2022-12-19T22:33:01","date_gmt":"2022-12-19T15:33:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dothosonthep.com\/?p=1796"},"modified":"2022-12-19T23:05:09","modified_gmt":"2022-12-19T16:05:09","slug":"cau-doi-va-lich-su-hinh-thanh-cua-cau-doi-viet-nam","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dothosonthep.com\/cau-doi-va-lich-su-hinh-thanh-cua-cau-doi-viet-nam\/","title":{"rendered":"C\u00e2u \u0111\u1ed1i v\u00e0 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a c\u00e2u \u0111\u1ed1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam"},"content":{"rendered":"\n\n
\n \n
\n \n
\n
\n \n\n
<\/div>\n <\/div>\n
\n \n\n
<\/div>\n <\/div>\n
\n \n\n
<\/div>\n <\/div>\n
\n \n\n
<\/div>\n <\/div>\n
\n \n\n
<\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n \n
\n
\n \n\n
<\/div>\n <\/div>\n
\n \n\n
<\/div>\n <\/div>\n
\n \n\n
<\/div>\n <\/div>\n
\n \n\n
<\/div>\n <\/div>\n
\n \n\n
<\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n<\/div>\n \n\n
\n 4\/5 - (6 b\u00ecnh ch\u1ecdn) <\/div>\n <\/div>\n

C\u00e2u \u0111\u1ed1i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu trong gia \u0111\u00ecnh m\u1ed7i d\u1ecbp t\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn, c\u00e2u \u0111\u1ed1i mang \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ea7u h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac, t\u00e0i l\u1ed9c. \u0110\u1ed3 Th\u1edd T\u01b0\u1ee3ng Ph\u1eadt<\/a> Nguy\u1ec5n Tu\u1ea5n g\u1eedi t\u1edbi b\u1ea1n l\u1ecbch s\u1eed h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 c\u00e2u \u0111\u1ed1i trong giao ti\u1ebfp ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t<\/a> trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y.<\/p>\n

C\u00e2u \u0111\u1ed1i thu\u1ed9c th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a v\u0103n bi\u1ec1n ng\u1eabu, g\u1ed3m hai v\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed1i nhau nh\u1eb1m bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb m\u1ed9t \u00fd ch\u00ed, quan \u0111i\u1ec3m, t\u00ecnh c\u1ea3m c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7c, m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. Ch\u00fang ta n\u00ean l\u01b0u \u00fd l\u00e0 t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ed1i \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ngang nhau, h\u1ee3p nhau th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00f4i.\u00a0C\u00e2u \u0111\u1ed1i<\/strong>\u00a0l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a V\u0103n h\u1ecdc Vi\u1ec7t Nam, Trung Hoa, Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, v\u00e0 H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c.<\/p>\n

L\u1ecbch s\u1eed h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh<\/h2>\n

Cho \u0111\u1ebfn nay, ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t chuy\u00ean kh\u1ea3o n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1ecbch s\u1eed h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a c\u00e2u \u0111\u1ed1i \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam, tuy nhi\u00ean, n\u1ebfu x\u00e9t tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf th\u00ec th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i trong v\u0103n ho\u00e1 Vi\u1ec7t Nam t\u1eeb h\u00e0ng ngh\u00ecn n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb khi \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc gi\u00e0nh l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp t\u1eeb tay ng\u01b0\u1eddi H\u00e1n. Ngay sau khi gi\u00e0nh l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, th\u01a1 v\u0103n L\u00fd – Tr\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 v\u0103n, nh\u00e0 th\u01a1 c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u00e1ng v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u1ea5t h\u1ee7. Trong v\u0103n h\u1ecdc giai \u0111o\u1ea1n L\u00fd – Tr\u1ea7n, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f4i c\u00e2u th\u01a1 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng c\u1eb7p c\u00e2u \u0111\u1ed1i ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n, ho\u00e0n m\u1ef9, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u1eb7p c\u00e2u \u0111\u1ed1i trong c\u00e1c b\u00e0i th\u01a1 l\u00e0m theo th\u1ec3 th\u01a1 \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng lu\u1eadt. Th\u01a1 \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng lu\u1eadt hay Th\u01a1 lu\u1eadt \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 th\u1ec3 th\u01a1 \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00e1ch lu\u1eadt xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n t\u1eeb Trung Qu\u1ed1c, \u0111\u1eddi nh\u00e0 \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng. Th\u01a1 \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng lu\u1eadt g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 th\u01a1 c\u1eadn th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1i l\u1eadp v\u1edbi th\u01a1 c\u1ed5 th. Gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c, thi c\u1eed… \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng H\u00e1n, n\u00ean t\u1eeb l\u00e2u ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 s\u00e1ng t\u00e1c th\u01a1 v\u0103n b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng H\u00e1n, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u01a1 theo lu\u1eadt \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng. \u00d4ng Nguy\u1ec5n Thuy\u00ean l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u01b0a ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t v\u00e0o th\u01a1 v\u0103n, \u0111\u1eb7t ra th\u1ec3 th\u01a1 H\u00e0n lu\u1eadt, l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p gi\u1eefa th\u01a1 \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng lu\u1eadt v\u1edbi c\u00e1c th\u1ec3 th\u01a1 d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Vi\u1ec7t kh\u00e1c. \u0110i\u1ec1u c\u0103n b\u1ea3n v\u1ec1 lu\u1eadt th\u01a1 \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 hai nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc \u0111\u1ed1i \u00e2m v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i \u00fd. Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t nh\u1eefng ch\u1eef th\u1ee9 1, th\u1ee9 2, th\u1ee9 3,… c\u1ee7a c\u00e2u tr\u00ean ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ch\u1eef th\u1ee9 1, th\u1ee9 2, th\u1ee9 3,… c\u1ee7a c\u00e2u d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 \u00e2m l\u1eabn v\u1ec1 \u00fd. Nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf th\u00ec r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3, v\u00ec v\u1eady ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta quy \u01b0\u1edbc Nh\u1ea5t tam ng\u0169 b\u1ea5t lu\u1eadt (ch\u1eef th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t, th\u1ee9 ba, th\u1ee9 n\u0103m kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i theo lu\u1eadt). Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, ta c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1m l\u1ea5y m\u1ed1c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh c\u00e2u \u0111\u1ed1i trong v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian Nguy\u1ec5n Thuy\u00ean \u0111\u01b0a th\u01a1 \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng lu\u1eadt v\u00e0o v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Vi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 13.<\/p>\n

C\u00e2u \u0111\u1ed1i trong ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt trang tr\u00ed<\/h2>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

V\u1edbi ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt trang tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u00f4ng n\u00f3i chung v\u00e0 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam n\u00f3i ri\u00eang th\u01b0\u1eddng mang \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh \u1ea9n d\u1ee5, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y kh\u00e1c h\u1eb3n v\u1edbi xu h\u01b0\u1edbng hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n hai trung t\u00e2m v\u0103n ho\u00e1 n\u00e0y: ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e2y \u0111a s\u1ed1 theo ch\u1ee7 thuy\u1ebft duy l\u00fd, cho n\u00ean h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf s\u1ef1 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, kh\u00fac chi\u1ebft, r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00f4ng n\u00f3i chung v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t n\u00f3i ri\u00eang r\u1ea5t th\u00edch s\u1ef1 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng, l\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng l\u00e0m nguy\u00ean l\u00fd t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 v\u1eadt v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Do \u0111\u00f3, ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng v\u00e0 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ef1 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n r\u1ea5t r\u00f5 qua vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e2u \u0111\u1ed1i v\u00e0 ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt trang tr\u00ed \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m m\u1ed9t d\u1ea1ng trang tr\u00ed ch\u00ednh trong r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh t\u1eeb t\u01b0 gia, \u0111\u00ecnh ch\u00f9a, nh\u00e0 th\u1edd c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n cho \u0111\u1ebfn l\u0103ng, \u0111\u1ec1n, \u0111\u00e0i, t\u1ea9m, cung \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a vua ch\u00faa, qu\u00fd t\u1ed9c. R\u1ea5t hi\u1ebfm c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt trang tr\u00ed th\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng n\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch l\u00e2u b\u1ec1n v\u00e0 \u00edt bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i nh\u01b0 c\u00e2u \u0111\u1ed1i. C\u00f3 l\u1ebd v\u00ec s\u1ef1 g\u1eafn b\u00f3 s\u00e2u s\u1eafc v\u1ec1 n\u1ed9i dung v\u00e0 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd v\u1ec1 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c trang tr\u00ed \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean s\u1ee9c s\u1ed1ng l\u00e2u b\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang qua bao bi\u1ebfn thi\u00ean c\u1ee7a l\u1ecbch s\u1eed.<\/p>\n

T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t t\u00f4n nghi\u00eam c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u00e2u \u0111\u1ed1i trong c\u00e1c ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac \u0111\u00e3 khi\u1ebfn cho vi\u1ec7c trang tr\u00ed ch\u00fang tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c quan tr\u1ecdng. S\u1ef1 trang tr\u1ecdng c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n c\u1ee7a \u201cb\u1ec1 tr\u00ean\u201d \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c ngh\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n x\u01b0a kh\u1eafc tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e1, tr\u00ean g\u1ed7 qu\u00fd, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00e1t v\u00e0ng-b\u1ea1c, kh\u1ea3m trai, g\u00f2 \u0111\u1ed3ng, ch\u1ea1m n\u1ed5i\u2026 th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c qu\u00fd gi\u00e1 bao h\u00e0m nhi\u1ec1u m\u1eb7t gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb: Danh ng\u00f4n c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi x\u01b0a, b\u00fat t\u00edch c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c danh nho, l\u1eddi n\u00f3i c\u1ee7a c\u1ed5 nh\u00e2n, ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt ch\u1ebf t\u00e1c,… Ngo\u00e0i nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e2u \u0111\u1ed1i c\u00f2n l\u00e0 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt t\u1ea1o h\u00ecnh b\u1eb1ng ch\u1eef t\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00ecnh – c\u00f2n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb l\u1edbn h\u01a1n t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt t\u1ea1o h\u00ecnh kh\u00e1c, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 t\u00ednh tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ed3n c\u1ee7a n\u1ed9i dung khi ch\u00fang l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u danh ng\u00f4n, nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n m\u1eabu m\u1ef1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eadp t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1eddi sau. V\u00ec v\u1eady, kh\u00f4ng \u00edt nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m \u0111i l\u00e0m l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n \u1edf r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u giai \u0111o\u1ea1n kh\u00e1c nhau v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u n\u01a1i kh\u00e1c nhau v\u1edbi c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t n\u1ed9i dung.<\/p>\n

C\u00e2u \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi vai tr\u00f2 v\u1eeba l\u00e0 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt v\u1eeba l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u201cb\u1ea3n c\u1ed5 v\u0103n r\u00fat g\u1ecdn,\u201d c\u00e2u \u0111\u1ed1i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m v\u0103n ho\u00e1 c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb to l\u1edbn c\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t l\u1eabn tinh th\u1ea7n. Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb v\u0103n ho\u00e1 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh di s\u1ea3n v\u0103n ho\u00e1 c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb cao m\u00e0 c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n v\u0103n ho\u00e1 Vi\u1ec7t Nam trong d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y c\u1ee7a v\u0103n h\u00f3a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00f4ng v\u1ed1n sinh \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u1ea7y s\u1ef1 huy\u1ec1n b\u00ed. Ch\u00ednh s\u1ef1 huy\u1ec1n b\u00ed n\u00e0y m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m v\u0103n ho\u00e1 mang nhi\u1ec1u t\u00ednh \u1ea9n d\u1ee5 m\u00e0 c\u00e2u \u0111\u1ed1i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m v\u0103n ho\u00e1 ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

C\u00e2u \u0111\u1ed1i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu trong gia \u0111\u00ecnh m\u1ed7i d\u1ecbp t\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn, c\u00e2u \u0111\u1ed1i mang \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ea7u h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac, t\u00e0i l\u1ed9c. \u0110\u1ed3…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1797,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/dothosonthep.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1796"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/dothosonthep.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/dothosonthep.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dothosonthep.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dothosonthep.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1796"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/dothosonthep.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1796\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1802,"href":"https:\/\/dothosonthep.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1796\/revisions\/1802"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dothosonthep.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1797"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/dothosonthep.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1796"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dothosonthep.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1796"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dothosonthep.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1796"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}